Recolor
A Recolored sprite or texture is when the shape and form remains entirely the same with the exception of the item's palette.
The technique of recoloring has been used since the early days of gaming. It allows for developers to create additional enemies quickly and easily.
While the technique is often frowned upon within the spriting community when it comes to starting out with spriting, it has its place to be used, and learning how to quickly and easily recolor a sprite is an important skill to possess.
There are a number of different techniques to recoloring depending on how specific you wish to make your changes.